UNIT 8: SPEAKING
Unit
8 focuses on speaking skill. Speaking is one of the four language skills. It is
a productive skill
because it produces language. Speaking can be defined as the use of speech to
communicate meaning to other people.
THINGS
WE OFTEN DO WHEN SPEAKING
|
Pronunciation of words |
Give certain information |
|
Answer different questions |
Correct use of grammar and vocabulary |
|
Using intonation (Level of a speaker’s voice) |
Using words and sentences stress (part louder and longer) |
|
Asking
for clarification (Clarify something) |
Speaking when another person stops |
|
Monitor
ourselves (Noting errors) |
Tell some stories |
|
Participate in discussions |
Use accuracy |
|
Using appropriate register (formal or informal language) |
Paraphrasing |
|
Participate in conversations |
Smile |
|
When we greet people |
When one person interrupts another person |
|
Planning the things that we will say |
Hesitate |
- ·
Use of grammar,
vocabulary, and functions
(reason why we use language)
- ·
Speak appropriately and
using registers
- ·
Apply Connected Speech
Features
- ·
Use of body language
- ·
Use different types of
texts
- · Speak fluently (speak with a
normal and understandable speed) self-correction (checking for our mistakes)
- · Using interaction strategies
(different ways to attract people's attention)
Certain
factors also play an important role in communication, such as fluency (helps people
listen to us without getting bored), accuracy (To do something without mistakes) and appropriacy (Correct use
of language in some situation). We also use registers in the correct way to
treat our listeners with formality or informality depending on the situation.
The
activities of an oral lesson can follow the following steps:
Ø Practice activities:
Students could do free activities depending on the learning context.
Ø Post-task activities:
Students do free communication activities where they work in the language they
use in the tasks.
As a conclusion, the ability to speak can be developed in the specific characteristics of speech. There are activities that help practice communication and improve interaction as well as accuracy and fluency. As teachers it is necessary to give additional help to students such as expanding their vocabulary, developing their ability to organize the ideas that they want to say and how they are going to say it. The ability to speak is a process that involves expressing ideas with clarity and coherence so that others can understand the message or the information that you want to convey.
REFERENCES
Spratt, M., Pulverness, A., & Williams, M.
(2011). The TKT Course Modules 1, 2 and 3 (Second). Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139062398.003
THE FOUR SPEAKING SKILLS. (2018,
October 11). https://english.binus.ac.id/2018/10/11/the-four-speaking-skills/.
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